Proper regulatory frameworks are required for the development, deployment, and use of artificial intelligence (AI) for military purposes. Any such frameworks must comply with international law. In addition, because existing international law does not provide specific guidance on military applications of AI, regulatory frameworks should support international law’s application and implementation.

This post proposes that rules of engagement (ROE) can serve as a framework for regulating the use of military applications of AI, based on an analysis of core instruments for preparing and conducting military operations with AI. The post argues that ROE respond well to the regulatory needs of AI, notably because they represent a holistic, specific, and concrete yet flexible framework. ROE can be particularly useful for regulating human-machine teaming and human control over AI systems.

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