Narrative
Narrative of the Organization's History
Narrative of the Organization's History
Leadership, Name Changes, Size Estimates, Resources, Geographic Locations
Ideology, Aims, Political Activities, Targets, and Tactics
First Attacks, Largest Attacks, Notable Attacks
Foreign Designations and Listings, Community Relations, Relations with Other Groups, State Sponsors and External Influences
Mapping relationships with other militant groups over time in regional maps
LeJ follows a Wahhabi-influenced version of the Deobandi movement and seeks to establish a Sunni state in Pakistan.[39] LeJ is virulently anti-Shiite, declaring Shiites infidels and directing most of its attacks against them. It also advocates the destruction of other religions, including Judaism, Christianity and Hinduism.[40] In the 2000s, it began to work toward an additional goal of driving Western influences from the region.[41]
LeJ as a group does not have any evident political affiliations. Its co-founders were originally members of Sipah-i-Sahaba (SiS), a former political party.[42]
LeJ primarily targets Shiites, and its large-scale attacks often target schools, security buildings, and other government property.[43] Because Iran is a Shiite state, LeJ has also carried out attacks against Iranian nationals and Iranian interests in Pakistan but has not pursued attacks outside of Pakistan.[44] The group has also attacked other minorities, including Christians, and began to target Western interests and influences after the invasion of Afghanistan in the early 2000s.[45] LeJ primarily carries out armed attacks and bombings, and in particular often employs suicide bombing tactics.[46]
Disclaimer: These are some selected major attacks in the militant organization's history. It is not a comprehensive listing but captures some of the most famous attacks or turning points during the campaign.
February 20, 1997: LeJ set off a bomb in the Iranian Centre in Multan, killing an Iranian diplomat and two dozen others (25 killed, unknown wounded).[47]
May 9, 2002: LeJ operatives exploded a car bomb outside the Sheraton Hotel in Karachi, targeting a shuttle bus of French civilians working on a submarine project for Pakistan's government (14 killed, 20 wounded).[48]
July 4, 2003: Three LeJ gunmen attacked a Shiite mosque in Quetta, Pakistan before one detonated a suicide bomb (47+ killed, 65 wounded).[49]
September 18, 2009: LeJ was responsible for detonating a bomb that contained more than 300 pounds of explosives in Uztarzai, Pakistan (25 killed, 36 wounded).[50]
January 9, 2010: Three back-to-back suicide bombing attacks targeted Shiite locations on the anniversary of Hazrat Ali’s death. Both Tehrik-e-Taliban and LeJ claimed responsibility for the attack (40 killed, 200+ wounded).[51]
March 12, 2010: Two IEDs targeted an army patrol in the middle of a market in Lahore, Pakistan. LeJ and TTP both claimed responsibility (45 killed, 100+ wounded).[52]
May 19, 2012: LeJ gunmen shot and killed the chief warden of the Quetta district, claiming that he was targeted because he tortured LeJ members in prison (2 killed, 0 wounded).[53]
July 4, 2012: LeJ ambushed a vehicle carrying government officials, claiming that one of the vehicle occupants had testified against LeJ in court (3 killed, unknown wounded).[54]
January 10, 2013: An LeJ suicide bomber detonated inside a snooker hall in Baluchistan, Pakistan, and a second bomb targeted first responders (105+ killed, 169+ wounded).[55]
January 10, 2013: LeJ detonated an explosive device in the Tablighi Jamaat Center in the city of Mingora in Swat, Pakistan during evening prayers (31+ killed, 70+ wounded).[56]
February 16, 2013: LeJ was responsible for an explosive water tanker that detonated in Baluchistan, Pakistan. The attack was meant to kill members of Pakistan’s Hazara minority (91 killed, 169 wounded).[57]
May 12, 2013: A car bomber drove into d drthe private residence of police chief Mushtaq Sukhera in Baluchistan, Pakistan causing 11 deaths and 76 injuries. Both LeJ and Islamic Movement of Pakistan claimed responsibility for the attack (11 killed, 76 wounded).[58]
June 15, 2013: A female suicide bomber attacked a bus full of female university students in Quetta, killing fourteen. Four gunmen then attacked the hospital where the wounded were being treated, killing at least six before they were killed by security forces (20+ killed, unknown wounded).[59]
October 23, 2014: Gunmen opened fire on a bus carrying Hazaras, a Shiite minority group. At least eight were killed and LeJ was suspected of the attack, although they did not claim it (8+ killed, unknown wounded).[60]
August 16, 2015: Two suicide bombers detonated explosives at the home of Punjab Interior Minister Shuja Khanzada outside of the Pakistani capital of Islamabad. The attack appeared to be retaliation for the killing of LeJ leader Malik Ishaq by Punjab police (20 killed, 23+ wounded).[61]
October 24, 2016: Three armed militants attacked a police training college in Quetta, Pakistan. The Islamic State in Khorasan Province (IS-KP) claimed responsibility for the attack, and LeJ claims to have collaborated with them (62 killed, 165+ wounded).[62]
June 23, 2017: LeJ claimed responsibility for an attack against a Bazaar in Parachinar city, Pakistan (67+ killed, 200+ wounded).[63]
LeJ is feared in Pakistan, particularly by members of the judicial system. Prosecutors and judges who have heard cases involving LeJ and other sectarian groups have been threatened and killed, leading many to flee the country or refuse to participate in sectarian cases[69]. LeJ does not seem to have many links with local tribes, nor does it offer services for Pakistani communities. It does, however, draw the majority of its cadres from the numerous Sunni madrassas in Pakistan.[70]
LeJ often provides support and protection to other Islamic terrorist groups in Pakistan like Lashkar-e-Tayyiba, Harakat ul-Mujahideen, Harakat ul-Jihad al-Islami, and Jaish-e-Mohammad.[71] LeJ has also collaborated with groups such as the Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan and Ahle Sunnat Waljamaat on several attacks in the region.[72]
Many LeJ members also served in both Al Qaeda (AQ) and Tehreek-e-Taliban Pakistan (TTP).[73] For example, one jihadist commander, Qari Rehman (also known as Abdul Samad) served as both a chief operational commander for LeJ and a planning director for AQ before merging his LeJ cell into TTP in May 2015.[74] The group often collaborates with TTP in Karachi-based attacks.[75] LeJ also has ties to the Taliban in Afghanistan, and some LeJ members fled there for Taliban protection after LeJ was banned in Pakistan in 2001.[76] Now, collaboration between the two groups has sometimes made it difficult for security forces to distinguish between them; in the late 2000s, analysts found that many attacks claimed by the Taliban in the late 2000s were actually carried out by LeJ operatives.[77]
Since 2015, the group has continually operated in coordination with the Islamic State in Khorasan Province (IS-KP). In 2016, LeJ claimed it had conducted the Quetta Attack on a police college while working in tandem with IS-KP. Spokesmen for both groups have confirmed the alliance.[78]
LeJ does not appear to have a state sponsor or any external influences.
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